![]() To judge each case on the basis of the written law. Iran’s existing laws and legal practices draw from different sources, ranging from constitutional law, legislation and government bylaws to customs and Islamic principles.Īrticle 146 of the constitution binds the judge who “endeavours Young women on the streets of Iran protesting over dress codes and the killing of a young woman. ![]() Because the law is very loosely drawn, enforcers such as the morality police can choose to interpret it differently and crack down on women in various ways. Iran protests: majority of people reject compulsory hijab and an Islamic regime, surveys findīeyond the discriminatory aspects of the mandatory dress code, one important legal issue is that the crime of “bad hijabi” or “improper hijab” is not defined by the law. This new order only applies in the capital Tehran – but even there, women who broke the dress code repeatedly could still be subject to legal action. The women are then required to sign a form saying they will not commit the “bad hijabi” offence again, and forced to take part in police-organised “guidance” to learn how they should observe Islamic values. In such cases the morality police, Gasht-e Ershad, usually escort women to a police van and then to a class. “Women will no longer be taken to detention centres, nor will judicial cases be filed against them,” said local media reports citing Tehran police chief General Hossein Rahimi. According to this new decree, women who did not observe the Islamic dress code no longer faced fines or imprisonment but rather had to attend Islam educational classes. However, there was a different shift in policing the way women in Tehran dressed, starting in January 2018. Criminal punishment for those violating the law was introduced in the 1990s and ranged from imprisonment to fines. Over the years, the Islamic government has introduced even more legal measures and social restrictions to enforce mandatory hijab laws. Since then, all women have been legally obliged to wear hijab in public, even non-Muslims and foreigners visiting Iran. Wearing hijab became obligatory for all Iranian women from April 1983. On March 8 1979, thousands of Iranian women marched in the street, protesting the idea of imposing hijab with slogans such as “freedom of choice in clothes”. The 1979 Islamic revolution introduced the idea of hijab law. The shah’s vision of modernity, influenced by Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, included changing what Iranian women wore.įrom 1941 to 1979 there was no law that instructed women what to wear, but many women still wore headscarves either as a statement against the monarchy or because their choices were restricted by patriarchal values such as namus (honour) and the strict control of male members of the family. The first attempt to use hijab as the subject of legislation was in 1936 by a new monarch, Reza Shah (1925-1941), who wanted to force women to remove the veil in public under his “unveiling” order. ![]() Two quite different forms of law, from opposite ideologies, have been used to try to control women and the covering of their hair and body in the last 90 years. However, it has been used to refer to different types of covering since 1970, from a long-sleeved coat, pants and scarf to the Islamic government’s preferred form of dress, chador, which is a loose-fitting black cloth covering the entire body. The term hijab is an Arabic word meaning cover. The young woman was accused of violating rules on wearing hijab in public. Protests have quickly spread across Iran calling for a change in the law after the death of a 22-year-old woman, Mahsa Amini, in the custody of the morality police.
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